Skip to main content

Dictionary - custom key type

In ultimele 2 saptamani am luat la puricat .NET Collections si m-am gandit ca merita sa vorbim astazi putin despre cheile unui dictionar( Dictionary) - map.
In general lucram cu chei care sunt de tip value type.

Dictionary<int, Door> map = new Dictionary<int, Door>();
map.Add(1,door1);
map.Add(2,door2);
...
var door1 = map[1];
In acest caz, cheia o sa fie gasita fara nici o problema. Dar ce se intampla cand cheia noastra este reprezentata de un tip declarat de noi?
Dictionary<DoorKey,Door> map = new Dictionary<DoorKey, Door>();
map.Add(doorKey1, door1);
map.Add(doorKey2, door2);
....
var door1 = map[copyOfDoorKey1];
In momentul cand o sa dorim sa facem retrive la element pe baza de cheie, o sa observam ca elementul nu este gasit( o eroare de tip KeyNotFoundException o sa fie aruncata). In debug daca ne uitam la ce elemente contine dictionarul, o sa observam ca avem doua elemente cu cheiule pe care le-am astepta, dar totusi nu putem sa facem retrive la date.
Fiecare colectie de tip (cheie,valoare) are implementari diferete, dar in general una sau mai multe elemente sunt grupate intr-un bucket( galeata), pe baza la hash code. Dimensiunea sau distributia pe valori a acestuia difera, dar ce trebuie sa retinem aici este ca fiecare element este adaugat intr-un anumit bucket pe baza unui hash returnat de catre cheie. Dupa ce este identificat bucket-ul, se face o cautare a cheii in bucket-ul respectiv pe baza metodei Equal.
Indiferent de metoda de implementare a dictionarului, cautarea se face pe baza acestor doua metode. Din acesta cauza, in exemplul dat mai sus o sa ne trezim ca elementul nu este gasit niciodata, chiar daca teoretic in colectie avem cheie data.
Pentru toate tipurile de date pe care o sa le folosim pe post de cheie, este nevoie sa facem override la GetHashCode si Equal. Mai jos putem sa gasim un exemplu pentru clasa DoorKey
class Doorkey
{
    int RoomNumber { get; set; }
    int DoorNumber {get; set; }
    public override bool Equals(object obj)
    {
        if( obj == null
            || !( obj is DoorKey ))
        {
            return false
        }
        return RoomNumber == obj.RoomNumber
            && DoorNumber == obj.DoorNumber
    }
    public override int GetHashCode()
{
    return RoomNumber.GetHashCode();
}
}
Pentru metoda GetGashCode, aceasta nu este cea mai buna implementara. Cea mai importanta regula pe care metoda GetHashCode trebuie sa o respecte este ca valoarea returnata sa fie aceiasi pentru un obiect care are aceiasi stare( valoare).
Asa ca, de fiecare data cand lucram cu dictionarele( maps) din .NET, iar cheile sunt reprezentate de tipuri custom, nu trebuie sa uitam sa facem ovveride la GetHashCode si Equals, in caz contrat o sa ne trezim ca nu putem sa obtinem datele pe baza cheii.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

How to audit an Azure Cosmos DB

In this post, we will talk about how we can audit an Azure Cosmos DB database. Before jumping into the problem let us define the business requirement: As an Administrator I want to be able to audit all changes that were done to specific collection inside my Azure Cosmos DB. The requirement is simple, but can be a little tricky to implement fully. First of all when you are using Azure Cosmos DB or any other storage solution there are 99% odds that you’ll have more than one system that writes data to it. This means that you have or not have control on the systems that are doing any create/update/delete operations. Solution 1: Diagnostic Logs Cosmos DB allows us activate diagnostics logs and stream the output a storage account for achieving to other systems like Event Hub or Log Analytics. This would allow us to have information related to who, when, what, response code and how the access operation to our Cosmos DB was done. Beside this there is a field that specifies what was th...

Can User Technical Profile Influence AI Architecture Decisions?

In the last few days, I ran a small experiment on Devin/Windsurf/Cascade, BMAD, and LLM-based architecture decisions. The initial concern was simple: if an AI coding assistant knows something about the user, for example, that the user is a Java developer or a .NET developer, can this information influence the architecture and technology stack that the AI will propose? This question is important because many companies are starting to use AI tools not only for coding but also for product discovery, architecture, documentation, and technical decision-making. If the AI is influenced by the developer's personal profile, the result may not be fully neutral. It may look like a business or architecture decision, but in reality, it may be partially shaped by the context of the person using the tool. The test was done using BMAD with Devin/Windsurf/Cascade. The scenario was a unified field service operations platform. The task was to let BMAD refine the product, define the architecture and s...

ADO.NET provider with invariant name 'System.Data.SqlClient' could not be loaded

Today blog post will be started with the following error when running DB tests on the CI machine: threw exception: System.InvalidOperationException: The Entity Framework provider type 'System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer' registered in the application config file for the ADO.NET provider with invariant name 'System.Data.SqlClient' could not be loaded. Make sure that the assembly-qualified name is used and that the assembly is available to the running application. See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=260882 for more information. at System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.DependencyResolution.ProviderServicesFactory.GetInstance(String providerTypeName, String providerInvariantName) This error happened only on the Continuous Integration machine. On the devs machines, everything has fine. The classic problem – on my machine it’s working. The CI has the following configuration: TeamCity .NET 4.51 EF 6.0.2 VS2013 It see...